๐Ÿ’ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ€์ฑ„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ



US ๊ตญ์ฑ„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์™ธ๊ตญ ๋ณด์œ ์ž
๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ ๋ณด์œ  ์ž์‚ฐ/์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ

Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities

Holdings at end of time period

Billions of dollars

Link: https://ticdata.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/Documents/slt_table5.txt


Country

2024-02

2024-01

2023-12

2023-11

2023-10

2023-09

2023-08

2023-07

2023-06

2023-05

2023-04

2023-03

2023-02

Japan

1167.9

1151.5

1136.7

1127.5

1098.2

1086.4

1115.5

1111.8

1104.1

1096.1

1125.8

1086.6

1080.7

China, Mainland

775.0

797.7

816.3

782.0

769.6

778.1

805.4

821.8

835.8

846.7

868.9

869.3

849.0

United Kingdom

700.8

691.2

678.5

716.2

693.0

668.9

693.3

657.9

674.6

657.0

675.6

705.0

635.1

Luxembourg

379.0

376.5

370.7

371.2

345.4

373.6

365.8

352.0

330.7

331.5

332.3

328.5

327.2

Canada

353.8

339.8

336.1

321.1

281.5

280.5

295.1

293.9

275.6

265.9

247.1

245.3

235.3

Belgium

320.0

293.1

314.4

296.5

285.4

317.0

316.7

318.7

331.8

335.5

336.6

337.0

330.9

Ireland

316.9

319.0

331.5

314.8

299.4

294.9

294.4

271.5

277.8

245.1

244.9

253.0

248.7

Cayman Islands

302.6

318.5

305.4

319.1

323.8

314.8

309.3

295.6

274.5

263.1

275.8

288.5

285.9

France

284.0

268.6

250.3

259.8

235.1

228.2

228.2

229.4

218.2

212.9

201.0

184.4

182.3

Switzerland

256.6

283.1

287.9

276.2

275.7

280.1

283.5

302.2

306.2

304.4

298.3

305.4

290.1

Taiwan

255.6

255.9

252.5

238.0

231.4

236.3

241.0

243.0

241.3

239.8

244.5

239.5

231.6

India

234.7

236.1

233.7

224.9

222.0

229.1

232.5

233.1

235.4

238.3

238.7

237.9

231.2

Brazil

225.6

226.8

230.3

224.9

219.4

223.0

223.2

224.7

227.5

230.0

229.8

224.4

215.2

Hong Kong

212.5

228.5

234.2

211.1

199.1

197.0

202.6

205.9

198.9

216.1

222.2

223.1

212.5

Singapore

205.4

204.7

199.5

196.2

190.5

187.3

184.2

186.6

187.3

203.2

201.1

194.9

189.9

Norway

138.6

144.9

126.1

113.6

121.2

121.6

126.3

127.5

126.4

122.0

122.8

119.1

116.6

Saudi Arabia

130.5

130.8

132.0

128.1

117.5

117.1

112.0

109.2

110.7

111.3

113.3

116.2

111.7

Korea, South

119.2

118.6

119.0

116.0

112.8

112.9

117.8

115.7

115.0

115.4

111.5

113.9

110.8

Germany

90.8

90.2

87.3

104.6

104.5

102.3

96.4

96.3

95.5

92.0

87.4

85.5

87.2

Bermuda

86.1

86.2

90.2

89.0

89.0

88.5

86.9

86.1

83.2

71.8

75.0

79.1

77.8

All Other

1410.1

1383.6

1408.3

1377.6

1350.4

1366.3

1371.5

1375.1

1368.6

1321.2

1321.6

1320.3

1278.9

Grand Total

7965.4

7945.4

7940.8

7808.4

7565.0

7604.1

7701.4

7658.0

7618.8

7519.4

7574.3

7556.9

7328.5

Of Which: Foreign Official

3764.9

3793.1

3786.9

3684.1

3640.4

3691.0

3738.1

3758.8

3769.2

3782.7

3789.7

3769.9

3693.1

Of Which: Foreign Official Treasury Bills

266.3

250.3

250.0

246.0

234.8

234.5

237.8

236.6

220.4

234.4

231.3

252.3

256.9

Of Which: Foreign Official T-Bonds & Notes

3498.6

3542.8

3537.0

3438.1

3405.6

3456.5

3500.4

3522.2

3548.8

3548.3

3558.4

3517.6

3436.2


Notes:

The data in this table are collected primarily from U.S.-based custodians and broker-dealers. Since U.S. securities held in

overseas custody accounts may not be attributed to the actual owners, the data may not provide a precise accounting of

individual country ownership of Treasury securities

(see TIC FAQ #7 at: http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/Pages/ticfaq1.aspx).

Estimated foreign holdings of U.S. Treasury marketable and non-marketable bills, bonds, and notes reported under the Treasury

International Capital (TIC) reporting system are based on monthly data on holdings of Treasury bonds and notes

as reported on TIC Form SLT, "Aggregate Holdings, Purchases and Sales, and Fair Value Changes of Long-Term Securities by U.S. and Foreign Residents"

and on TIC Form BL2, "Report of Customers' U.S. Dollar Liabilities to Foreign Residents."


์ด ํ‘œ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ˆ˜ํƒ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ปค-๋”œ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

ํ•ด์™ธ ์ˆ˜ํƒ ๊ณ„์ขŒ์—์„œ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฆ๊ถŒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์†Œ์œ ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ท€์†๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ์ฑ„ ๋ณด์œ ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(TIC FAQ #7 ์ฐธ๊ณ : http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/Pages/ticfaq1.aspx)


๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์žฌ๋ฌด๋ถ€ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž๋ณธ(TIC) ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ์ฑ„(์‹œ์žฅ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋น„์‹œ์žฅ์„ฑ ๊ตญ์ฑ„, ์ฑ„๊ถŒ, ์–ด์Œ)์˜ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ํ•ด์™ธ ๋ณด์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์›”๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

• TIC ์–‘์‹ SLT: “๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฐ ์™ธ๊ตญ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ž์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ฆ๊ถŒ ์ด๋ณด์œ ๋Ÿ‰, ๋งค๋งค ๋‚ด์—ญ ๋ฐ ๊ณต์ •๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ณ€๋™”

TIC ์–‘์‹ BL2: “์™ธ๊ตญ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ€์ฑ„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ”



Unexplained wealth of the Marcos family

The Marcos family, a political family in the Philippines, owns various assets that Philippine courts have determined to have been acquired through illicit means during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos from 1965–1986. These assets are referred to using several terms, including "ill-gotten wealth" and "unexplained wealth," while some authors such as Belinda Aquino and Philippine Senator Jovito Salonga more bluntly refer to it as the "Marcos Plunder".
A 2005 image of 40 Wall Street, one of four Manhattan buildings purchased by the Marcoses in the early 1980s.
Legally, the Philippine Supreme Court defines this "ill-gotten wealth" as the assets the Marcoses acquired beyond the amount legally declared by Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos in the president's statements of assets and liabilities—which amounts to only about US$13,500.00 from his salary as president. The court also deems that such wealth should be forfeited and turned over to the government or of the human rights victims of Marcos's authoritarian regime. Estimates of the amount the Marcoses reportedly acquired in the last few years of the Marcos administration range from US$5 billion to $13 billion.: 634–635 : 27  No exact figures can be determined for the amount acquired through the entire 21 years of the Marcos regime. But prominent Marcos-era economist Jesus Estanislao has suggested that the amount could go up to as high as US$30 billion.: 175 
Among the sources of the Marcos wealth are alleged to be: diverted foreign economic aid, US Government military aid (including huge discretionary funds at Marcos disposal as a "reward" for sending some Filipino troops to Vietnam) and kickbacks from public works contracts over a two-decades-long rule.
This wealth includes: real estate assets both within the Philippines and in several other countries, notably the United States; collections of jewelry and artwork; shares and other financial instruments; bank accounts, both in the Philippines and overseas, notably Switzerland, the United States, Singapore, and the British Virgin Islands; and in some instances, actual cash assets.
Some of this wealth has been recovered as the result of various court cases, either as funds or properties returned to the Philippine government, or by being awarded as reparations to the victims of human rights abuses under Marcos's presidency. Some of it has also been recovered by the Philippine government through settlements and compromise deals, either with the Marcoses themselves or with cronies who said that certain properties had been entrusted to them by the Marcoses. Some of the recovery cases have been dismissed by the courts for reasons including improper case filing procedures and technical issues with documentary evidence. An unknown amount is not recoverable because the full extent of the Marcos wealth is unknown.



๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์€ ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€์˜ ์ •์น˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ, 1965๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1986๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋””๋‚œ๋“œ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ž„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ๋“ํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ๋ฒ•์›์ด ํŒ๊ฒฐํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์€ “๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์ทจ๋“ ์žฌ์‚ฐ(ill-gotten wealth)” ๋˜๋Š” “์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์žฌ์‚ฐ(unexplained wealth)” ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง์„ค์ ์œผ๋กœ “๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์•ฝํƒˆ(Marcos Plunder)“์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒจ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค ์•„ํ€ด๋…ธ(Belinda Aquino)์™€ ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ์ƒ์›์˜์› ํ˜ธ๋น„ํ†  ์‚ด๋กฑ๊ฐ€(Jovito Salonga)๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2005๋…„์— ์ดฌ์˜๋œ 40 ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ(40 Wall Street) ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์€ 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์ด ๋‰ด์š• ๋งจํ•ดํŠผ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•œ ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค.
๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์€ “๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์ทจ๋“ ์žฌ์‚ฐ”์„ ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋””๋‚œ๋“œ ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฉœ๋‹ค ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ฑ„ ์‹ ๊ณ ์—์„œ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์•ก(์•ฝ 13,500๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ) ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์€ ๋ชฐ์ˆ˜๋˜์–ด ์ •๋ถ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ๋…์žฌ ์ •๊ถŒ์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์ด ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํš๋“ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ์•ก์€ 50์–ต~130์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋œ๋‹ค. : 634–635 : 27  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 21๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ์ •๊ถŒ ๋™์•ˆ ํš๋“ํ•œ ์ด์•ก์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž์ธ ํ—ค์ˆ˜์Šค ์—์Šคํƒ€๋‹ˆ์Šฌ๋ผ์˜ค(Jesus Estanislao)๋Š” ์ด ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ 300์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.: 175 
๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ์žฌ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋ชฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
• ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์›์กฐ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ
• ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ์›์กฐ(ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€๊ตฐ์„ ๋ฒ ํŠธ๋‚จ ์ „์Ÿ์— ํŒŒ๋ณ‘ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ํฌํ•จ)
• 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋œ ๊ณต๊ณต์‚ฌ์—… ๊ณ„์•ฝ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ์ดํŠธ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค.
• ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ์˜ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ(ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ)
• ๋ณด์„ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ’ˆ ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜
• ์ฃผ์‹ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ธˆ์œต์ƒํ’ˆ
• ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€๊ณผ ์Šค์œ„์Šค, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ์‹ฑ๊ฐ€ํฌ๋ฅด, ์˜๊ตญ๋ น ๋ฒ„์ง„์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ ๋“ฑ ํ•ด์™ธ ์€ํ–‰ ๊ณ„์ขŒ
• ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜„๊ธˆ ์ž์‚ฐ

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒ•์  ์†Œ์†ก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๋œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์€ ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ์ •๋ถ€์— ๊ท€์†๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ์ •๊ถŒ์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์ƒ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธ‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์€ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ธก๊ทผ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ํ•ฉ์˜๋‚˜ ํƒ€ํ˜‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ์ •๋ถ€์— ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธก๊ทผ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ ์†Œ์†ก์€ ์„œ๋ฅ˜ ์ฆ๋น™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์†Œ์†ก ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ฒ•์›์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค ์žฌ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค.





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